{"id":856,"date":"2025-01-31T18:54:00","date_gmt":"2025-01-01T09:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/happynumeric.com\/lexique-intelligence-artificielle\/c\/definition_convolution\/"},"modified":"2025-06-05T23:28:53","modified_gmt":"2025-06-05T21:28:53","slug":"definition-convolution","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/happynumeric.com\/lexique-intelligence-artificielle\/c\/definition-convolution\/","title":{"rendered":"Convolution"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>En intelligence artificielle, et plus particuli\u00e8rement dans le domaine du traitement d&rsquo;images, la convolution est une op\u00e9ration math\u00e9matique essentielle. Qu\u2019est-ce que la convolution ?  C&rsquo;est un processus qui permet de m\u00e9langer deux fonctions pour en cr\u00e9er une troisi\u00e8me, r\u00e9v\u00e9lant comment la forme d&rsquo;une fonction influence l&rsquo;autre.<\/p>\n<h3>Comment fonctionne la convolution ?<\/h3>\n<p>Imaginez une loupe que vous passez sur une photo. La loupe a une certaine forme (cercle, carr\u00e9\u2026) et la photo, une autre forme plus complexe. La convolution est comme le fait de d\u00e9placer cette loupe sur toute la photo.  \u00c0 chaque position, la loupe \u00ab\u00a0voit\u00a0\u00bb une petite partie de l&rsquo;image. La convolution combine la forme de la loupe et la partie de l&rsquo;image qu&rsquo;elle voit pour produire une nouvelle valeur. L&rsquo;ensemble de ces nouvelles valeurs cr\u00e9e une nouvelle image, transform\u00e9e par la forme de la loupe. En traitement d&rsquo;image, la \u00ab\u00a0loupe\u00a0\u00bb est appel\u00e9e un noyau de convolution et contient des chiffres qui modifient l&rsquo;image (flou, d\u00e9tection de contours&#8230;).<\/p>\n<h3>Pourquoi la convolution est-elle importante ?<\/h3>\n<p>La convolution est fondamentale en IA, notamment pour le traitement d&rsquo;images et le traitement du langage naturel (NLP). En vision par ordinateur, elle permet de d\u00e9tecter des caract\u00e9ristiques comme les bords, les coins, les textures.  Par exemple, dans la reconnaissance faciale, des convolutions successives permettent d&rsquo;identifier des \u00e9l\u00e9ments de plus en plus complexes\u00a0: d&rsquo;abord des contours, puis des yeux, un nez, une bouche, et finalement un visage complet. En NLP, elle peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9e pour analyser des s\u00e9quences de mots et identifier des relations entre eux. <\/p>\n<h3>Termes associ\u00e9s<\/h3>\n<ul id=\"TermesAssocies\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/happynumeric.com\/lexique-intelligence-artificielle\/?s=Filtre\">Filtre<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/happynumeric.com\/lexique-intelligence-artificielle\/?s=Noyau\">Noyau<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/happynumeric.com\/lexique-intelligence-artificielle\/?s=R%C3%A9seau+neuronal+convolutif+%28CNN%29\">R\u00e9seau neuronal convolutif (CNN)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/happynumeric.com\/lexique-intelligence-artificielle\/?s=Traitement+d%27image\">Traitement d&rsquo;image<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/happynumeric.com\/lexique-intelligence-artificielle\/?s=Vision+par+ordinateur\">Vision par ordinateur<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En intelligence artificielle, et plus particuli\u00e8rement dans le domaine du traitement d&rsquo;images, la convolution est une op\u00e9ration math\u00e9matique essentielle. Qu\u2019est-ce que la convolution ? C&rsquo;est un processus qui permet de m\u00e9langer deux fonctions pour en cr\u00e9er une troisi\u00e8me, r\u00e9v\u00e9lant comment la forme d&rsquo;une fonction influence l&rsquo;autre. Comment fonctionne la convolution ? Imaginez une loupe que [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[17],"tags":[23,472,473,474,471,18],"class_list":["post-856","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-c","tag-convolution","tag-filtre","tag-noyau","tag-reseau-neuronal-convolutif-cnn","tag-traitement-dimage","tag-vision-par-ordinateur"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"","author_link":"https:\/\/happynumeric.com\/lexique-intelligence-artificielle\/author\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"En intelligence artificielle, et plus particuli\u00e8rement dans le domaine du traitement d&rsquo;images, la convolution est une op\u00e9ration math\u00e9matique essentielle. Qu\u2019est-ce que la convolution ? C&rsquo;est un processus qui permet de m\u00e9langer deux fonctions pour en cr\u00e9er une troisi\u00e8me, r\u00e9v\u00e9lant comment la forme d&rsquo;une fonction influence l&rsquo;autre. Comment fonctionne la convolution ? Imaginez une loupe que\u2026","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/happynumeric.com\/lexique-intelligence-artificielle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/856","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/happynumeric.com\/lexique-intelligence-artificielle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/happynumeric.com\/lexique-intelligence-artificielle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happynumeric.com\/lexique-intelligence-artificielle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=856"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/happynumeric.com\/lexique-intelligence-artificielle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/856\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":951,"href":"https:\/\/happynumeric.com\/lexique-intelligence-artificielle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/856\/revisions\/951"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/happynumeric.com\/lexique-intelligence-artificielle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=856"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happynumeric.com\/lexique-intelligence-artificielle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=856"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/happynumeric.com\/lexique-intelligence-artificielle\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=856"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}